Analisis Ayat 45 An-Nur: Perspektif Tafsir Klasik dan Kontemporer

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The Quran, as the divine revelation to Prophet Muhammad, holds profound wisdom and guidance for humanity. Its verses, meticulously crafted and imbued with divine inspiration, offer insights into various aspects of life, including social, ethical, and spiritual matters. Among these verses, Surah An-Nur, verse 45, stands out as a pivotal passage that has sparked extensive scholarly discourse and interpretation. This verse, often referred to as the "verse of light," delves into the nature of knowledge, its sources, and its impact on human understanding. This article aims to explore the multifaceted interpretations of this verse, drawing upon both classical and contemporary perspectives. #### Unveiling the Essence of Knowledge Verse 45 of Surah An-Nur begins with the declaration, "Allah is the Light of the heavens and the earth." This statement establishes the fundamental truth that Allah is the ultimate source of all knowledge and illumination. The verse then proceeds to elaborate on the nature of knowledge, comparing it to a lamp within a niche. This lamp, protected by a glass, emits a radiant light that illuminates the surrounding space. The analogy highlights the importance of safeguarding knowledge and ensuring its purity. The verse further emphasizes the significance of seeking knowledge from reliable sources, comparing it to a tree with roots firmly planted in the earth. This imagery underscores the need for knowledge to be grounded in truth and authenticity. #### Classical Interpretations: A Legacy of Wisdom Classical scholars, renowned for their deep understanding of the Quranic text and its context, have offered insightful interpretations of verse 45. Imam Ibn Kathir, a prominent scholar of tafsir (Quranic exegesis), emphasizes the verse's message of seeking knowledge from Allah and His messengers. He highlights the importance of adhering to the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad and relying on the guidance of the Quran. Imam al-Qurtubi, another esteemed scholar, focuses on the verse's emphasis on the purity of knowledge. He interprets the "glass" surrounding the lamp as a metaphor for the protection of knowledge from distortion and contamination. These classical interpretations underscore the importance of seeking knowledge from authentic sources and safeguarding its integrity. #### Contemporary Perspectives: A Modern Lens Contemporary scholars, drawing upon diverse academic disciplines and contemporary contexts, offer fresh perspectives on verse 45. Dr. Seyyed Hossein Nasr, a renowned Islamic philosopher, emphasizes the verse's connection to the concept of "gnosis," a form of spiritual knowledge that transcends the limitations of rational understanding. He argues that true knowledge is not merely intellectual but also experiential, leading to a deeper connection with the divine. Dr. Tariq Ramadan, a prominent Islamic scholar, focuses on the verse's social implications. He interprets the "light" as a symbol of justice and equality, highlighting the importance of knowledge in promoting social harmony and combating oppression. These contemporary interpretations demonstrate the verse's relevance to contemporary issues and its potential to inspire social change. #### The Enduring Significance of Verse 45 Verse 45 of Surah An-Nur, with its profound message about the nature of knowledge, continues to resonate with readers across generations. Its timeless wisdom transcends cultural and temporal boundaries, offering guidance for individuals and societies alike. The verse's emphasis on seeking knowledge from authentic sources, safeguarding its purity, and applying it for the betterment of humanity remains as relevant today as it was centuries ago. By embracing the teachings of this verse, we can strive to acquire knowledge that illuminates our minds, guides our actions, and contributes to a more just and enlightened world.