21 dalam Tradisi Jepang: Dari Mitos hingga Ritual

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The number 21 holds a unique significance in Japanese culture, transcending its numerical value to become imbued with symbolic meaning and ritualistic practices. From ancient myths to modern-day customs, 21 has woven itself into the fabric of Japanese society, representing a confluence of spiritual beliefs, cultural traditions, and societal norms. This article delves into the multifaceted nature of 21 in Japanese tradition, exploring its origins, interpretations, and enduring presence in various aspects of Japanese life. #### The Mythological Roots of 21 The significance of 21 in Japanese tradition can be traced back to ancient myths and legends. In Japanese mythology, the number 21 is often associated with the concept of "kami," which refers to the spirits or deities that inhabit the natural world. One prominent example is the story of the "Twenty-One Kami," a group of deities who are said to have descended from the heavens to establish the Japanese archipelago. This myth highlights the sacredness of the number 21, linking it to the origins of Japanese culture and the divine realm. #### 21 in Rituals and Ceremonies The number 21 also plays a significant role in various Japanese rituals and ceremonies. For instance, in traditional Shinto ceremonies, 21 white paper strips, known as "shide," are often used to purify the space and invite the presence of the kami. This practice reflects the belief that 21 represents a complete cycle or a state of perfection. Similarly, in the tea ceremony, a specific type of tea known as "twenty-one tea" is prepared using 21 leaves, symbolizing the harmonious balance of flavors and the pursuit of spiritual enlightenment. #### 21 in Everyday Life Beyond its religious and ceremonial significance, 21 also permeates everyday life in Japan. For example, the age of 21 is considered a significant milestone in Japanese society, marking the transition from adolescence to adulthood. At the age of 21, individuals are legally allowed to drink alcohol, smoke, and vote, signifying their full participation in society. This cultural practice underscores the importance of 21 as a symbol of maturity and responsibility. #### The Enduring Significance of 21 The number 21 continues to hold a special place in Japanese culture, reflecting a deep-rooted connection to ancient beliefs, rituals, and societal norms. From its mythological origins to its presence in everyday life, 21 serves as a powerful symbol of completeness, purity, and transition. Its enduring significance speaks to the enduring power of tradition and the enduring influence of cultural beliefs on the lives of the Japanese people.