Analisis Perbedaan Rumusan Kepribadian Muhammadiyah pada Masa Kepemimpinan

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The Muhammadiyah movement, a prominent Islamic organization in Indonesia, has undergone significant transformations throughout its history. These transformations are reflected in the evolving formulations of its core principles and values, particularly in the realm of personality development. This article delves into the distinct approaches to personality formation adopted by Muhammadiyah under different leaderships, highlighting the key differences and their implications for the organization's trajectory. #### The Early Years: A Focus on Islamic Values During the early years of Muhammadiyah, under the leadership of its founder, Ahmad Dahlan, the emphasis was on instilling Islamic values as the foundation for a virtuous personality. Dahlan believed that a true Muslim should embody the teachings of the Quran and Sunnah, striving for piety, knowledge, and social justice. This emphasis on Islamic values was reflected in the organization's educational institutions, which aimed to nurture individuals who were both intellectually and spiritually sound. The early Muhammadiyah envisioned a personality that was deeply rooted in Islamic principles, serving as a guiding force in all aspects of life. #### The Era of Modernization: Embracing Progress and Reform With the rise of modernism in Indonesia, Muhammadiyah under the leadership of figures like K.H. Mas Mansoer and Hamka, embraced a more progressive approach to personality development. They recognized the need to adapt to the changing times while remaining true to Islamic values. This era saw the integration of modern knowledge and skills into the organization's educational programs, fostering a personality that was both religiously grounded and intellectually equipped to navigate the complexities of the modern world. The emphasis shifted from mere adherence to Islamic principles to actively engaging with contemporary issues and contributing to societal progress. #### The Post-Independence Period: A Focus on National Identity and Social Responsibility Following Indonesia's independence, Muhammadiyah under the leadership of figures like K.H. Buya Hamka and K.H. Ahmad Syafii Maarif, placed a strong emphasis on fostering a sense of national identity and social responsibility. They believed that a true Muhammadiyah personality should be actively involved in nation-building, promoting unity and harmony among diverse communities. This period saw the organization actively engaging in social welfare programs, advocating for social justice, and promoting interfaith dialogue. The Muhammadiyah personality was now envisioned as a responsible citizen, contributing to the betterment of society and upholding the values of peace and tolerance. #### The Contemporary Era: Embracing Pluralism and Interfaith Dialogue In the contemporary era, Muhammadiyah under the leadership of figures like K.H. Haedar Nashir, has continued to evolve its approach to personality development, embracing the principles of pluralism and interfaith dialogue. Recognizing the increasingly diverse and interconnected world, the organization emphasizes the importance of understanding and respecting different perspectives, fostering a personality that is open-minded, tolerant, and capable of engaging in constructive dialogue with individuals from diverse backgrounds. This approach reflects a shift from a focus on solely Islamic values to a broader understanding of human values and the importance of interfaith cooperation in addressing global challenges. The evolving formulations of Muhammadiyah's personality development reflect the organization's adaptability and responsiveness to the changing social and political landscape. From its early emphasis on Islamic values to its contemporary embrace of pluralism and interfaith dialogue, Muhammadiyah has consistently sought to nurture individuals who are both religiously grounded and socially responsible, contributing to the betterment of society and the advancement of humanity. The organization's commitment to fostering a balanced and holistic personality, rooted in Islamic principles but open to the world, continues to shape its identity and influence its role in Indonesian society.