Konsep Tajwid al-Qadr dalam Perspektif Tafsir
The concept of *tajdid al-qadr* (renewal of divine decree) is a complex and multifaceted theological doctrine in Islam. It refers to the idea that Allah, the Almighty, has the power to change or renew His decrees, even after they have been established. This concept has been a subject of much debate and interpretation among Muslim scholars throughout history, with various perspectives emerging from different schools of thought. This article delves into the concept of *tajdid al-qadr* from the perspective of Islamic exegesis, exploring its significance and implications for understanding the divine will and human agency.
The Quranic Basis of *Tajdid al-Qadr*
The Quranic verses that are often cited as evidence for *tajdid al-qadr* are those that speak of Allah's power to change the course of events. For instance, Surah Ar-Ra'd (13:11) states: "Indeed, Allah will not change the condition of a people until they change what is within themselves." This verse suggests that Allah's decree is not immutable and can be altered based on the actions and intentions of individuals. Similarly, Surah Al-Anfal (8:53) states: "And Allah has promised those who believe among you and do righteous deeds that He will surely make them successors in the land, as He made successors those before them, and that He will surely establish for them their religion, which He has chosen for them, and that He will surely exchange for them, after their fear, security." This verse implies that Allah can change the destiny of a people based on their faith and actions.
Interpretations of *Tajdid al-Qadr* in Tafsir
The concept of *tajdid al-qadr* has been interpreted in various ways by different schools of tafsir (exegesis). Some scholars, particularly those belonging to the Ash'ari school of thought, emphasize the role of human free will in influencing divine decree. They argue that Allah's knowledge encompasses all possibilities, including those that are contingent upon human choices. Therefore, human actions can alter the course of events and lead to a change in divine decree. This interpretation emphasizes the importance of individual responsibility and the potential for human beings to shape their own destinies.
Other scholars, particularly those belonging to the Maturidi school of thought, emphasize the absolute sovereignty of Allah and the immutability of His decree. They argue that Allah's knowledge is absolute and encompasses all that will be, including the choices that humans will make. Therefore, human actions are predetermined by Allah's decree, and there is no room for free will. This interpretation emphasizes the power and authority of Allah and the limitations of human agency.
The Implications of *Tajdid al-Qadr*
The concept of *tajdid al-qadr* has significant implications for understanding the relationship between divine will and human agency. It raises questions about the nature of free will, the extent to which humans can influence their destinies, and the role of divine intervention in human affairs. While the Quranic verses cited above provide evidence for the possibility of *tajdid al-qadr*, the precise nature and extent of this concept remain a subject of ongoing debate and interpretation.
Conclusion
The concept of *tajdid al-qadr* is a complex and multifaceted theological doctrine that has been interpreted in various ways by different schools of tafsir. While the Quranic verses cited above provide evidence for the possibility of *tajdid al-qadr*, the precise nature and extent of this concept remain a subject of ongoing debate and interpretation. Understanding the different perspectives on *tajdid al-qadr* is crucial for appreciating the nuances of Islamic theology and the relationship between divine will and human agency.