Qadar dalam Perspektif Al-Quran dan Hadits
The concept of Qadar, often translated as divine decree or predestination, is a fundamental tenet of Islamic belief. It encompasses the belief that Allah, the Almighty, has predetermined all events, including the actions of humans. This belief, deeply rooted in the Quran and Hadith, has been a subject of extensive theological discourse and interpretation. Understanding Qadar is crucial for comprehending the Islamic worldview and its implications for human life. This article delves into the concept of Qadar as presented in the Quran and Hadith, exploring its various aspects and nuances.
Qadar in the Quran
The Quran provides numerous verses that explicitly mention Qadar. These verses emphasize the absolute power and knowledge of Allah, who has complete control over all creation. For instance, Surah Al-An'am (6:59) states, "And to Allah belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth, and to Allah all matters are returned." This verse highlights the ultimate authority of Allah over all affairs, including the destinies of individuals. Similarly, Surah Al-Qadr (97:1-5) emphasizes the divine decree, stating, "Indeed, We have revealed it [the Quran] on the Night of Decree. And what do you know what the Night of Decree is? The Night of Decree is better than a thousand months. The angels and the Spirit descend therein by permission of their Lord for every matter. Peace it is until the break of dawn." This verse underscores the significance of the divine decree and its impact on all aspects of life.
Qadar in the Hadith
The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) also spoke extensively about Qadar in his sayings and actions, as recorded in the Hadith. These narrations provide further insights into the concept and its implications. For example, a famous Hadith states, "The pen has been lifted, and the ink has dried, and everything has been predetermined." This Hadith emphasizes the finality of the divine decree and the inevitability of what has been written. Another Hadith states, "If Allah wills something, it will happen, even if the whole creation were to oppose it." This narration highlights the absolute power of Allah and the futility of resisting His will.
The Role of Free Will
While Qadar emphasizes the absolute power of Allah, it does not negate the role of human free will. The Quran and Hadith clearly state that humans have the ability to choose and act. Surah Al-Insan (76:3) states, "And We have shown him [human] the two ways." This verse indicates that humans have the freedom to choose between good and evil. Similarly, the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) said, "Every person is born with a natural inclination towards monotheism, but his parents make him a Jew, a Christian, or a Magian." This Hadith suggests that humans are born with a predisposition towards the truth, but their upbringing and environment can influence their beliefs and actions.
The Importance of Belief in Qadar
Belief in Qadar is a fundamental pillar of faith in Islam. It fosters a sense of submission and trust in Allah, recognizing His absolute power and wisdom. It also encourages patience and acceptance during times of hardship, knowing that everything happens according to His plan. Furthermore, belief in Qadar motivates individuals to strive for good deeds and avoid evil, as their actions are ultimately accountable to Allah.
Conclusion
The concept of Qadar, as presented in the Quran and Hadith, is a complex and multifaceted one. It emphasizes the absolute power and knowledge of Allah, while acknowledging the role of human free will. Belief in Qadar is essential for a complete understanding of the Islamic worldview and its implications for human life. It fosters a sense of submission, trust, and acceptance, motivating individuals to live a life guided by faith and righteousness.