Sejarah dan Evolusi Bendera Merah Putih: Dari Masa Penjajahan hingga Kemerdekaan

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The Merah Putih, Indonesia's national flag, is a symbol of unity, independence, and national pride. Its simple design, a field of red with a white square in the upper left corner, belies a rich and complex history. From its humble beginnings as a symbol of resistance against colonial rule to its official adoption as the national flag, the Merah Putih has witnessed and embodied the struggles and triumphs of the Indonesian people. This article delves into the fascinating journey of the Merah Putih, tracing its evolution from a symbol of rebellion to a symbol of national identity. #### The Origins of the Merah Putih: A Symbol of Resistance The origins of the Merah Putih can be traced back to the early days of Dutch colonialism in Indonesia. During the 19th century, various resistance movements emerged across the archipelago, each with its own unique flag. These flags, often featuring red and white colors, symbolized the desire for freedom from Dutch rule. One notable example is the flag of the Padri War, a religious war in West Sumatra, which featured a red field with a white crescent moon and star. This flag, along with other similar flags, served as a rallying point for the Indonesian people, uniting them in their struggle against colonial oppression. #### The Birth of the Modern Merah Putih: A Symbol of Unity The modern Merah Putih, as we know it today, was first raised on August 17, 1945, by Sukarno and Mohammad Hatta, the proclaimed leaders of the newly independent Indonesia. The flag's design was inspired by the red and white colors of the Dutch East India Company (VOC) flag, which had been flown over Indonesia for centuries. However, the Merah Putih was not simply a reappropriation of the colonial flag. It represented a complete break from the past, a symbol of a new era of Indonesian sovereignty. The red color symbolized the courage and sacrifice of the Indonesian people, while the white color represented purity and peace. #### The Merah Putih: A Symbol of National Identity After Indonesia's independence, the Merah Putih became a powerful symbol of national identity. It was flown proudly in schools, government buildings, and homes across the country. The flag was also used in various national events, such as Independence Day celebrations and sporting events. The Merah Putih became a unifying force, bringing together people from different backgrounds and regions under a common banner. #### The Merah Putih: A Symbol of Hope and Resilience Throughout its history, the Merah Putih has been a symbol of hope and resilience for the Indonesian people. It has flown over battlefields, witnessed the rise and fall of regimes, and endured countless challenges. The flag has served as a reminder of the sacrifices made by those who fought for Indonesia's independence and a beacon of hope for a brighter future. #### The Legacy of the Merah Putih: A Symbol of National Pride The Merah Putih is more than just a piece of cloth. It is a symbol of Indonesia's rich history, its struggles, and its triumphs. It represents the unity, independence, and national pride of the Indonesian people. The flag continues to inspire generations of Indonesians, reminding them of their heritage and their responsibility to build a better future for their nation. The Merah Putih is a testament to the enduring spirit of the Indonesian people, a symbol that will continue to fly proudly for generations to come.