Analisis Semantik Nama Kuda dalam Surah Al-Adiyat: Sebuah Pendekatan Linguistik

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The Quran, as the divine revelation to Prophet Muhammad, is a rich tapestry of linguistic and literary artistry. Its verses, imbued with profound meaning and intricate symbolism, offer a gateway to understanding the divine message. One such example is the Surah Al-Adiyat, a short chapter that speaks of the swiftness of horses and their role in warfare. This surah, despite its brevity, holds within it a wealth of semantic depth, particularly in the names given to the horses. This essay delves into the semantic analysis of the names of the horses in Surah Al-Adiyat, employing a linguistic approach to unravel the deeper layers of meaning embedded within the text. #### The Names of the Horses and Their Semantic Significance The Surah Al-Adiyat begins with the phrase "Wal-Adiyat," which translates to "By the (swift) steeds." The word "Adiyat" itself is a plural noun, referring to a group of horses. This initial phrase sets the stage for the subsequent verses, which describe the horses' swiftness and their role in battle. The surah then goes on to mention the horses by their names: "Al-Adiyat" (the swift steeds), "Al-Mursalat" (those who are sent forth), and "Al-Mutharrat" (those who strike with their hooves). These names are not merely descriptive labels but rather carry profound semantic significance, reflecting the horses' characteristics and their role in the context of the surah. The name "Al-Adiyat" emphasizes the horses' speed and agility. The root word "ad-wa" signifies "to run swiftly" or "to rush." This name highlights the horses' primary function as swift messengers or warriors, capable of covering vast distances in a short time. The name "Al-Mursalat" further reinforces this notion, as it derives from the verb "arsala," meaning "to send forth" or "to dispatch." This name suggests that the horses are not merely swift but also actively engaged in a mission, carrying out a specific task. The name "Al-Mutharrat" delves deeper into the horses' role in battle. The root word "tharra" signifies "to strike" or "to trample." This name emphasizes the horses' destructive power, their ability to inflict damage and conquer their enemies. The use of this name underscores the importance of horses in warfare, their role as instruments of power and conquest. #### The Semantic Connection to the Surah's Theme The semantic analysis of the names of the horses in Surah Al-Adiyat reveals a deeper connection to the surah's overall theme. The surah, in its entirety, speaks of the swiftness of horses and their role in warfare. The names of the horses, with their emphasis on speed, mission, and destructive power, directly reflect this theme. The surah's message is not merely about the physical attributes of horses but rather about the power and swiftness of divine justice. The horses, in this context, become symbolic representations of divine retribution. Their swiftness and destructive power mirror the swiftness and power of God's judgment. The surah's message is a reminder that those who transgress against God's laws will face swift and decisive punishment. The horses, with their names imbued with semantic depth, serve as a powerful metaphor for the inevitability of divine justice. #### Conclusion The semantic analysis of the names of the horses in Surah Al-Adiyat reveals a rich tapestry of meaning, extending beyond the literal description of the horses' physical attributes. The names, with their emphasis on speed, mission, and destructive power, reflect the surah's overall theme of divine justice and the swiftness of retribution. The surah, through its use of evocative language and symbolism, serves as a powerful reminder of the consequences of transgression and the inevitability of divine judgment. The names of the horses, with their semantic depth, become integral to the surah's message, adding a layer of complexity and meaning to the text.