Evolusi dari teknologi basis data pada era 1960an adalah Select one: a. Stream data management and mining, Data mining and its applications, Web technology (XML , data integration ) and global information systems b. Data collection , database creation, IMS and network DBMS c. RDBMS , advanced data models (extended -relational, 00, deductive, etc.) d. Application -oriented DBMS (spatial, scientific , engineering, etc.)

The correct answer is **(b) Data collection, database creation, IMS and network DBMS**. Here's why:* **Era of the 1960s:** This period marked the early days of database technology. The focus was on: * **Data Collection:** Gathering data from various sources. * **Database Creation:** Developing methods to store and organize this data. * **IMS (Information Management System):** One of the first major database management systems, developed by IBM. * **Network DBMS:** A type of database management system that allowed data to be organized in a network-like structure, enabling complex relationships between data elements.**Why the other options are incorrect:*** **(a) Stream data management and mining, Data mining and its applications, Web technology (XML, data integration) and global information systems:** These technologies emerged much later, primarily in the 1990s and beyond.* **(c) RDBMS, advanced data models (extended-relational, OO, deductive, etc.):** While RDBMS (Relational Database Management Systems) became popular in the 1970s and 1980s, the 1960s were more focused on the foundational concepts of database management.* **(d) Application-oriented DBMS (spatial, scientific, engineering, etc.):** These specialized DBMS emerged later as specific needs for different applications arose.**In summary:** The 1960s were a crucial period for laying the groundwork for modern database technology. The focus was on basic data management, storage, and the development of early database management systems like IMS and network DBMS.