Question 13 Research design strategy encompasses all of the components below except __ a. All the above are part of the design strategy b. Sampling design c. Data collection design d. Instrument development e. Data analysis

The correct answer is **(a) All the above are part of the design strategy**.Here's why:* **Sampling design:** This determines how you select your participants or data points for your study. It's crucial for ensuring your findings are representative and generalizable.* **Data collection design:** This outlines the methods you'll use to gather information (e.g., surveys, interviews, experiments). It ensures you collect the right kind of data to answer your research questions.* **Instrument development:** This involves creating the tools you'll use to collect data (e.g., questionnaires, interview guides, observation checklists). It's essential for ensuring your data is reliable and valid.* **Data analysis:** This refers to the techniques you'll use to analyze the data you collect (e.g., statistical tests, thematic analysis). It helps you draw meaningful conclusions from your research.All of these components are integral to a well-designed research study. They work together to ensure your research is conducted systematically and produces reliable results.