Sumpah Pemuda: Sebuah Refleksi atas Perjuangan Kemerdekaan

The Sumpah Pemuda, or Youth Pledge, stands as a pivotal moment in Indonesia's struggle for independence. This solemn declaration, made on October 28, 1928, by a group of young Indonesian nationalists, marked a turning point in the nation's fight against colonial rule. It was a powerful statement of unity, a declaration of shared identity, and a commitment to a future free from foreign domination. The Sumpah Pemuda, with its profound message of unity and determination, continues to inspire generations of Indonesians, serving as a reminder of the sacrifices made and the ideals that fueled the nation's fight for freedom.

The Genesis of Unity

The Sumpah Pemuda emerged from a period of intense political and social ferment in Indonesia. The Dutch colonial regime, despite its claims of benevolent rule, had systematically suppressed Indonesian aspirations for self-determination. The early 20th century witnessed a surge in nationalist sentiment, fueled by the rise of various youth organizations and the growing awareness of the injustices of colonial rule. The Second Youth Congress, held in Jakarta in 1928, provided a platform for these young nationalists to voice their demands for independence. It was during this congress that the Sumpah Pemuda was born.

The Essence of the Pledge

The Sumpah Pemuda, a concise declaration of three key principles, encapsulated the aspirations of the Indonesian youth. The pledge declared: "First, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity, religion, or region. It asserted the shared identity of all Indonesians, regardless of their background. The second principle declared: "Second, we, the sons and daughters of Indonesia, declare ourselves one nation, the Indonesian nation." This statement unequivocally rejected the colonial notion of dividing Indonesians based on ethnicity