Bagaimana Pancasila Dijadikan Dasar Negara dalam Konstitusi Indonesia?

Pancasila, the five principles that form the foundation of Indonesia's national identity, has a profound and enduring influence on the country's legal framework, particularly its constitution. The 1945 Constitution, the supreme law of the land, explicitly enshrines Pancasila as the philosophical basis of the Indonesian state. This article delves into the intricate relationship between Pancasila and the Indonesian Constitution, exploring how these principles are woven into the fabric of the nation's legal system.

The genesis of Pancasila can be traced back to the tumultuous period leading up to Indonesia's independence. As the nation grappled with the complexities of forging a new identity, the founding fathers sought a unifying ideology that would transcend the diverse ethnic, religious, and cultural tapestry of the archipelago. This quest culminated in the formulation of Pancasila, a set of principles that embodied the aspirations and values of the Indonesian people.

Pancasila as the Philosophical Foundation of the Constitution

The 1945 Constitution, drafted by the founding fathers, explicitly recognizes Pancasila as the philosophical foundation of the Indonesian state. Article 1 of the Constitution states that "Indonesia is a sovereign, united, undivided, and democratic state based on the rule of law, with Pancasila as its foundation." This unambiguous declaration establishes Pancasila as the guiding principle for all aspects of governance, from the legislative process to the judicial system.

The Five Principles of Pancasila

Pancasila comprises five fundamental principles:

1. Ketuhanan Yang Maha Esa (Belief in the One and Only God): This principle emphasizes the importance of religious tolerance and freedom of worship, recognizing the diverse religious beliefs of the Indonesian people.

2. Kemanusiaan yang Adil dan Beradab (Just and Civilized Humanity): This principle underscores the inherent dignity and worth of every human being, advocating for equality, justice, and respect for human rights.

3. Persatuan Indonesia (Unity of Indonesia): This principle emphasizes the importance of national unity and solidarity, fostering a sense of shared identity and purpose among the diverse population of Indonesia.

4. Kerakyatan yang Dipimpin oleh Hikmat Kebijaksanaan dalam Permusyawaratan/Perwakilan (Sovereignty of the People Guided by the Wisdom of Deliberation/Representation): This principle promotes democratic governance, emphasizing the role of the people in shaping the nation's destiny through representative institutions.

5. Keadilan Sosial bagi Seluruh Rakyat Indonesia (Social Justice for All Indonesian People): This principle advocates for economic and social equality, ensuring that all citizens have access to opportunities and resources.

The Implementation of Pancasila in the Constitution

The principles of Pancasila are not merely abstract ideals but are concretely reflected in various provisions of the 1945 Constitution. For instance, the principle of "Ketuhanan Yang Maha Esa" is enshrined in Article 29, which guarantees freedom of religion and the right to practice one's faith. The principle of "Kemanusiaan yang Adil dan Beradab" is reflected in Article 28, which guarantees fundamental human rights, including the right to life, liberty, and security of person.

The principle of "Persatuan Indonesia" is evident in Article 1, which emphasizes the unity and indivisibility of the Indonesian state. The principle of "Kerakyatan yang Dipimpin oleh Hikmat Kebijaksanaan dalam Permusyawaratan/Perwakilan" is reflected in the structure of the Indonesian government, which includes a democratically elected parliament and a president. Finally, the principle of "Keadilan Sosial bagi Seluruh Rakyat Indonesia" is reflected in Article 33, which outlines the principles of economic justice and social welfare.

Conclusion

Pancasila serves as the bedrock of the Indonesian Constitution, providing a moral and philosophical framework for the nation's legal system. The five principles of Pancasila, deeply rooted in the values and aspirations of the Indonesian people, guide the governance of the country, ensuring that the legal system upholds the principles of justice, equality, and unity. The enduring influence of Pancasila on the Indonesian Constitution is a testament to its enduring relevance and its role in shaping the nation's identity and destiny.