Kewajiban dalam Konteks Kebebasan: Analisis Filosofi Driyarkara

The concept of freedom is often intertwined with the notion of responsibility. While freedom allows individuals to make choices and pursue their desires, it also necessitates a sense of obligation towards oneself, others, and the world at large. This intricate relationship between freedom and responsibility is explored in depth by the renowned Indonesian philosopher, Ramono Panji Anom Soedjono, better known as Driyarkara. His philosophical framework, rooted in the principles of Pancasila, offers a unique perspective on the interplay between individual liberty and societal obligations. This essay delves into Driyarkara's philosophy, analyzing his understanding of "kewajiban" (duty) within the context of "kebebasan" (freedom).

The Essence of Freedom in Driyarkara's Philosophy

Driyarkara's philosophy emphasizes the inherent freedom of the human spirit. He posits that individuals are born with the capacity for self-determination and the ability to shape their own destinies. This freedom, however, is not absolute. It is bound by the inherent interconnectedness of human beings and their shared existence within a larger social fabric. Driyarkara argues that true freedom lies not in unbridled individualism but in the responsible exercise of one's choices within the context of a shared community.

The Concept of Kewajiban: Duty as a Foundation for Freedom

Driyarkara's concept of "kewajiban" is intricately linked to his understanding of "kebebasan." He views duty not as a constraint on freedom but as a necessary condition for its realization. "Kewajiban" encompasses a range of responsibilities, including obligations towards oneself, one's family, one's community, and one's nation. These responsibilities are not imposed externally but arise from the inherent interconnectedness of human existence. By fulfilling these duties, individuals contribute to the well-being of the community and, in turn, enhance their own freedom.

The Role of Pancasila in Shaping Kewajiban

Driyarkara's philosophy is deeply rooted in the principles of Pancasila, the five principles that form the foundation of Indonesian national identity. These principles, namely belief in God, a just and civilized humanity, Indonesian national unity, democracy guided by wisdom in deliberation, and social justice for all, provide a framework for understanding "kewajiban" within the context of Indonesian society. Each principle emphasizes the importance of responsibility towards others, fostering a sense of shared purpose and collective well-being.

The Interplay of Freedom and Duty in Practice

Driyarkara's philosophy finds practical application in various aspects of life. For instance, in the realm of education, he emphasizes the importance of fostering critical thinking and responsible citizenship. He believes that education should empower individuals to make informed choices and contribute meaningfully to society. Similarly, in the realm of politics, he advocates for a participatory democracy where citizens actively engage in shaping their own destiny.

Conclusion

Driyarkara's philosophy offers a nuanced understanding of the relationship between freedom and responsibility. He argues that true freedom is not merely the absence of constraints but the responsible exercise of one's choices within the context of a shared community. "Kewajiban," or duty, is not a limitation on freedom but a necessary condition for its realization. By fulfilling their responsibilities towards themselves, their families, their communities, and their nation, individuals contribute to the well-being of society and, in turn, enhance their own freedom. Driyarkara's philosophy, rooted in the principles of Pancasila, provides a framework for understanding the intricate interplay between individual liberty and societal obligations, offering a path towards a more just and harmonious society.