Studi Komparatif Implementasi Pasal Sila ke 5 Pancasila di Berbagai Era Pemerintahan

The Pancasila, as the foundational philosophy of Indonesia, has been implemented in various ways across different eras of government. The fifth principle, "Social justice for all Indonesian people," has been particularly influential in shaping the nation's policies and development. This article will delve into a comparative study of the implementation of the fifth principle of Pancasila across different eras of government.

The Old Order Era: Sukarno's Interpretation

During the Old Order era under President Sukarno, the fifth principle of Pancasila was interpreted as a call for economic nationalism. Sukarno believed that social justice could only be achieved if Indonesia had full control over its natural resources. This led to the nationalization of various sectors, including mining and plantations. However, this approach also led to economic instability, as the government struggled to manage these sectors effectively.

The New Order Era: Suharto's Approach

In contrast, during the New Order era under President Suharto, the fifth principle of Pancasila was implemented through a more market-oriented approach. Suharto believed that social justice could be achieved through economic growth and development. This led to a focus on industrialization and foreign investment. However, this approach also led to significant income inequality, as the benefits of economic growth were not evenly distributed.

The Reformation Era: A Shift Towards Democracy

The Reformation era marked a significant shift in the interpretation of the fifth principle of Pancasila. With the fall of Suharto, there was a renewed emphasis on democracy and human rights. The fifth principle of Pancasila was seen as a call for social justice in a broader sense, encompassing not just economic equality, but also political and social equality. This has led to significant reforms, including the decentralization of power and the strengthening of civil society.

The Current Era: Jokowi's Focus on Infrastructure

Under President Jokowi, the fifth principle of Pancasila has been interpreted as a call for equitable development. Jokowi has focused on infrastructure development as a means of achieving social justice, with the aim of ensuring that all regions of Indonesia have access to basic services and opportunities. However, this approach has also faced criticism, with some arguing that it does not adequately address the underlying issues of poverty and inequality.

In conclusion, the implementation of the fifth principle of Pancasila has varied significantly across different eras of government, reflecting changing interpretations of what social justice means for Indonesia. From Sukarno's economic nationalism to Jokowi's focus on infrastructure, each era has brought its own challenges and achievements in the pursuit of social justice. As Indonesia continues to evolve, the interpretation and implementation of the fifth principle of Pancasila will undoubtedly continue to play a crucial role in shaping the nation's future.