Analisis Leksikal dan Gramatikal Bahasa Sunda Modern

Bahasa Sunda, a language spoken by millions in West Java, Indonesia, has undergone significant evolution over time. This evolution is evident in the modern form of the language, which exhibits distinct lexical and grammatical features. This article delves into the analysis of these features, exploring the nuances of modern Sundanese language.

Lexical Changes in Modern Sundanese

The lexicon of a language is constantly evolving, influenced by various factors such as social, cultural, and technological advancements. Modern Sundanese is no exception. One notable change is the influx of loanwords from other languages, particularly Indonesian. This phenomenon is known as "code-switching" and is common in many languages around the world. For instance, words like "telepon" (telephone), "mobil" (car), and "komputer" (computer) have become integrated into the Sundanese lexicon. These loanwords often replace older, more traditional terms, reflecting the influence of modern technology and globalization.

Another significant lexical change is the emergence of new words to describe contemporary concepts and objects. For example, the word "internet" has become an integral part of modern Sundanese vocabulary, reflecting the widespread use of the internet in society. These new words often arise from existing Sundanese roots, demonstrating the language's ability to adapt and evolve to meet the demands of the modern world.

Grammatical Features of Modern Sundanese

Modern Sundanese exhibits several grammatical features that distinguish it from older forms of the language. One notable feature is the simplification of verb conjugation. In traditional Sundanese, verbs were conjugated in a complex system with multiple tenses and moods. However, in modern Sundanese, the conjugation system has become more streamlined, with fewer distinctions between tenses and moods. This simplification reflects the influence of Indonesian, which has a simpler verb conjugation system.

Another grammatical feature of modern Sundanese is the increasing use of prepositions. In traditional Sundanese, prepositions were less common, and the relationships between words were often expressed through word order. However, in modern Sundanese, prepositions have become more prevalent, reflecting the influence of Indonesian and other languages. This shift in preposition usage has led to a more explicit and unambiguous expression of grammatical relationships.

Conclusion

The analysis of lexical and grammatical features reveals the dynamic nature of modern Sundanese. The language has adapted to the changing world, incorporating new words and simplifying grammatical structures. While these changes may be seen as a departure from traditional forms, they are essential for the language's continued relevance and vitality in the modern era. The evolution of Sundanese language is a testament to its resilience and adaptability, ensuring its continued use and transmission for generations to come.