Analisis Dalil Thaharah dalam Surah Al-Baqarah Ayat 222: Perspektif Fiqh Islam

The concept of purity (thaharah) holds immense significance in Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh), serving as a fundamental pillar for the validity of various acts of worship. The Quran, as the divine revelation, provides numerous verses that elucidate the principles of purity, guiding Muslims in their daily lives. Among these verses, Surah Al-Baqarah, verse 222, stands out as a pivotal text that delves into the essence of ritual purity, offering valuable insights into the Islamic perspective on this crucial aspect of faith. This article aims to analyze the verse's content, exploring its implications for Islamic jurisprudence and shedding light on the practical applications of the principles it conveys.

Unveiling the Verse's Message

Surah Al-Baqarah, verse 222, reads: "And they ask you concerning menstruation. Say, 'It is a period of impurity. So keep away from women during menstruation and do not approach them until they are pure. And when they have purified themselves, then come to them as Allah has ordained for you. Indeed, Allah loves those who are repentant and loves those who purify themselves.'" This verse addresses the issue of menstruation, a natural phenomenon that affects women, and its implications for marital relations. It clearly establishes the concept of impurity (najis) associated with menstruation and outlines the necessary steps for purification. The verse emphasizes the importance of abstaining from sexual intimacy during menstruation and resuming it only after purification, highlighting the divine ordinance in this regard.

The Concept of Impurity in Islamic Jurisprudence

The verse's mention of impurity (najis) during menstruation is a cornerstone of Islamic jurisprudence. The concept of purity and impurity plays a crucial role in various aspects of Islamic life, including prayer, fasting, pilgrimage, and other acts of worship. The verse's emphasis on purification underscores the importance of maintaining a state of ritual purity for the proper performance of religious obligations. Islamic scholars have extensively debated the nature of impurity and its implications for various aspects of daily life, drawing upon the Quran and the Sunnah (the Prophet's teachings and practices) as primary sources of guidance.

Practical Applications of the Verse

The verse's message has far-reaching implications for the practical application of Islamic jurisprudence. It provides clear guidelines for marital relations during menstruation, emphasizing the importance of respecting the woman's physical and spiritual needs during this period. The verse also highlights the significance of purification, both physically and spiritually, as a prerequisite for resuming intimacy. This principle extends beyond menstruation, encompassing other situations where impurity may arise, such as after childbirth or contact with certain substances deemed impure in Islamic law.

Conclusion

Surah Al-Baqarah, verse 222, serves as a pivotal text in understanding the concept of purity (thaharah) in Islamic jurisprudence. The verse's emphasis on impurity during menstruation and the subsequent need for purification provides valuable insights into the practical application of Islamic principles in daily life. It underscores the importance of maintaining a state of ritual purity for the proper performance of religious obligations and highlights the divine ordinance regarding marital relations during menstruation. By analyzing this verse, we gain a deeper understanding of the Islamic perspective on purity and its significance in shaping the lives of Muslims.